In both rural and urban areas, prior research has documented shortages of key health care facilities in areas where a significant proportion of the population identify as African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic, or as a member of another minoritized racial/ethnic group. This analysis compared the likelihood that selected healthcare infrastructure elements, including hospitals, primary care services, long-term care, behavioral health services, and home health are available within rural and urban ZIP Code Tabulation Areas that contain versus do not contain a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents.

Publications

• Access to Health Services Across Rural and Urban Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 03/2023
  This brief summarizes selected results from a series of reports documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for rural and urban places that have a relatively high proportion of residents from minoritized racial and ethnic groups. "Areas" were examined at the ZIP Code Tabulation Area level.
• Availability of Dialysis Facilities in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 08/2023
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. The brief looks at the availability of dialysis providers in minoritized racial/ethnic areas.
• Availability of Home Health Services in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 08/2022
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This report looks at the availability of home health services in minoritized racial/ethnic areas.
• Availability of Hospital-Based Emergency Department and Trauma Services in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 09/2022
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This report looks at the availability of hospital-based emergency department and trauma services at the ZCTA level.
• Availability of Medicare-Certified Hospice Services in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 08/2022
  This is one of a series of briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This brief explores access to hospice services.
• Availability of Nursing Homes in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 09/2022
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This report looks at the availability of nursing homes at the ZCTA level.
• Availability of Pharmacies in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 08/2022
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This report looks at access to pharmacies.
• Availability of Primary Care Safety Net Providers in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 08/2023
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This report looks at the distance to the nearest primary care safety net provider.
• Availability of Substance Use Disorder Treatment in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Group Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 09/2022
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This report looks at spatial availability and travel burden for substance use disorder care at the ZCTA level.
• The Problem of the Color Line: Place, Race, and Access to Health Care in America
  Journal Article
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 02/2022
  Using ZIP Code Tabulation Area boundaries and associated rural-urban commuting area codes, urban and rural places with the largest share of minoritized racial and ethnic groups were identified. A StoryMap was then created to illustrate disparities experienced based on where Indigenous populations and people of color reside spatially.
• Spatial Access to Hospital-based Obstetric Units in Minoritized Racial/Ethnic Areas
  Policy Brief
  Rural and Minority Health Research Center
  Date: 08/2022
  This brief is one of a series of findings briefs documenting disparities in geographic access to health services for ZIP code tabulation areas containing a high proportion of minoritized racial/ethnic residents. This report looks at spatial access to hospital-based obstetric units in minoritized racial/ethnic areas.