Rural areas have long been racially and ethnically diverse, and this diversity has increased in recent decades with a growth in immigrant populations in rural areas. Yet most research on rural health focuses on rural-urban disparities without an explicit focus on within-rural differences in health by race and ethnicity. In that research on rural-urban disparities in health, rural residents tend to fare worse on most measures, including mortality, health status, access to care, and use of preventive services. Less is known about whether there are differences in healthcare use among rural residents by race and ethnicity. In this brief, we address this gap by examining differences in preventive care among rural residents by race and ethnicity.