Describes the impact of recent Medicare payment updates to the Geographic Practice Cost Indices (GPCIs) portion of the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) on rural primary care providers' practice revenue from Medicare. Using rural primary care provider Medicare claims from 2009 linked to the 2013 MPFS relative value units (RVUs), the 2013 GPCIs for non-metropolitan localities, and the GPCI updates from the Pathway for SGR Reform Act of 2013, we developed a revenue model to derive estimates of Medicare-related average revenue in 2013 and change-in-average-revenue percentage due to the GPCI updates for 50 non-metropolitan localities. Holding the conversion factor (CF) and RVUs fixed, we found that changes to the GPCIs made between January 1, 2013 and March 31, 2014 resulted in an average 0.12% (median 0.18%) increase in Medicare-derived revenue to rural primary care practices. Without the GPCI work floor reinstatement, however, primary care practices in rural areas would have been disproportionately negatively impacted through lower Medicare-related revenues.