Examines differences in the factors female and male generalist physicians considered influential in their rural practice location choice and identifies the practice arrangements that attracted female generalist physicians to rural areas. Findings include: women were more likely than men to have been influenced in practice choice by issues related to spouse/personal partner, flexible scheduling, family leave, and availability of childcare; women were more highly influenced by the interpersonal aspects of recruitment; and men and women were equally likely to consider community factors, practice content, practice partner compatibility, and financial issues. Findings indicate that rural communities and practices recruiting physicians should place high priority on practice scheduling, spouse/partner, and interpersonal issues in the recruiting process if they want to achieve a gender-balanced physician workforce.